ii–V–I–IV in C Major

Pattern: ii – V – I – IV Chords: Dm – G – C – F

Chord Breakdown

Numeral	Chord	Type	Function
ii	Dm (details)	minor	Supertonic
V	G (details)	major	Dominant
I	C (details)	major	Tonic
IV	F (details)	major	Subdominant

Harmonic Analysis

This progression moves through Dm (Supertonic) → G (Dominant) → C (Tonic) → F (Subdominant).

A ii–V–I resolution that continues to the subdominant instead of stopping at the tonic. The IV chord opens up the harmony again, making this ideal for transitions between sections in jazz compositions.

Song Examples

Take the 'A' Train — Billy Strayhorn
On Green Dolphin Street — Bronislau Kaper

Chord Details

Dm G C F

More Progressions in C Major

I–IV–V–I I–V–vi–IV I–vi–IV–V ii–V–I I–IV–V I–♭VII–IV vi–IV–I–V I–V–vi–iii–IV–I–IV–V I–IV I–V IV–V IV–I