ii7–V9–I in F Major

Pattern: ii7 – V9 – I Chords: Gm7 – C9 – F

Chord Breakdown

Numeral	Chord	Type	Function
ii7	Gm7 (details)	minor seventh	Supertonic
V9	C9 (details)	dominant ninth	Dominant
I	F (details)	major	Tonic

Harmonic Analysis

This progression moves through Gm7 (Supertonic) → C9 (Dominant) → F (Tonic).

The ii7–V9–I progression upgrades the classic jazz cadence with extended chord voicings: a minor seventh on ii and a dominant ninth on V. These extensions add richness and color while preserving the fundamental ii–V–I harmonic function. This is the standard cadence voicing in modern jazz, funk, and R&B, where bare triads would sound thin and the extensions provide the expected fullness.

Song Examples

What's Going On — Marvin Gaye
So What — Miles Davis
Superstition — Stevie Wonder

Chord Details

Gm7 C9 F

More Progressions in F Major

I–IV–V–I I–V–vi–IV I–vi–IV–V ii–V–I I–IV–V I–♭VII–IV vi–IV–I–V I–V–vi–iii–IV–I–IV–V I–IV I–V IV–V IV–I

Related Progressions

ii–V7–I ii7–V7–Imaj7 V9–I