ii–V–iii–vi in F Major

Pattern: ii – V – iii – vi Chords: Gm – C – Am – Dm

Chord Breakdown

Numeral	Chord	Type	Function
ii	Gm (details)	minor	Supertonic
V	C (details)	major	Dominant
iii	Am (details)	minor	Mediant
vi	Dm (details)	minor	Submediant

Harmonic Analysis

This progression moves through Gm (Supertonic) → C (Dominant) → Am (Mediant) → Dm (Submediant).

Instead of resolving to I, the dominant moves to iii, which then continues the circle of fifths to vi. This back-cycling technique is a hallmark of bebop and post-bop composition.

Song Examples

Cherokee — Ray Noble
Confirmation — Charlie Parker

Chord Details

Gm C Am Dm

More Progressions in F Major

I–IV–V–I I–V–vi–IV I–vi–IV–V ii–V–I I–IV–V I–♭VII–IV vi–IV–I–V I–V–vi–iii–IV–I–IV–V I–IV I–V IV–V IV–I