A Tempo — Return to the previous tempo (1–300 BPM)
A tempo is one of the most common tempo instructions in all of music, meaning 'return to the original tempo.' It appears after a temporary change in speed — such as a ritardando (slowing down), accelerando (speeding up), or a cadenza. A tempo signals that the momentary departure is over and the established pulse should be restored.
Etymology
Italian, 'a' (to/at) + 'tempo' (time/tempo), literally 'at tempo' or 'in time'
BPM Range
Minimum: 1 BPM
Maximum: 300 BPM
Typical: 120 BPM
When returning a tempo, re-establish the original pulse cleanly and promptly. Avoid a gradual drift back — the return should feel natural but definite, like clicking back into gear.
Example Pieces
- Clair de Lune (multiple a tempo markings after ritardandos) — Claude Debussy
- Nocturne in E-flat major, Op. 9 No. 2 (frequent a tempo markings) — Frédéric Chopin
- Gymnopédie No. 1 (a tempo after ritardandos) — Erik Satie
Common Genres
Related Tempo Markings
Frequently Asked Questions
What does a tempo mean in music?
A tempo means 'return to the previous tempo.' It appears after a tempo change (like ritardando or accelerando) and instructs the performer to resume the original speed.
What is the difference between a tempo and tempo primo?
A tempo means return to the immediately preceding tempo, while tempo primo (Tempo I) means return to the very first tempo of the piece. A tempo is local; tempo primo is global.
Related References
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