Interval Reference

Explore all 17 music intervals from perfect unison through the major thirteenth — the mathematical building blocks of melody, harmony, and chord construction. Every interval includes the semitone count, just intonation ratio, ear training reference, and note pair examples. See also the chord reference and scale reference for how intervals combine into larger structures.

Perfect Intervals

Perfect Unison P1 Perfect Fourth P4 Perfect Fifth P5 Perfect Octave P8 Perfect Eleventh P11

Major Intervals

Major Second M2 Major Third M3 Major Sixth M6 Major Seventh M7 Major Ninth M9 Major Thirteenth M13

Minor Intervals

Minor Second m2 Minor Third m3 Minor Sixth m6 Minor Seventh m7 Minor Ninth m9

Augmented Intervals

Tritone (Augmented Fourth / Diminished Fifth) TT, A4, d5

Related References